The state I have selected for my Demographic Profile is Bolivia. I decided to make my research on this state chiefly because a few old ages ago I visited Bolivia, every bit good as a few other South American states to construct houses for the homeless through Habitat for Humanity. When I was there I saw many things that were highly different from that of the U.S. ; chiefly the poorness degree and deficiency of resources that people here in America take for granted such as basic sanitation and wellness services. I learned a batch while I was at that place, and intend to larn more via this assignment.
Bolivia
Population by five-year age group and sex ( 1000s )
Medium discrepancy
1950-2005
Year
Age
Both sexes combined
Male
Female
1950
0-4
458
231
227
5-9
351
177
174
10-14
314
158
156
15-19
277
139
138
20-24
247
124
123
25-29
193
96
97
30-34
163
81
82
35-39
151
75
76
40-44
129
64
65
45-49
110
55
55
50-54
93
46
47
55-59
75
36
39
60-64
57
27
30
65-69
42
20
22
70-74
29
13
16
75-79
16
7
9
80-84
6
3
3
85-89
2
1
1
90-94
0
0
0
95-99
0
0
0
100+
0
0
0
2005
0-4
1A 239
632
607
5-9
1A 159
591
568
10-14
1A 100
560
540
15-19
957
486
471
20-24
822
415
408
25-29
713
357
357
30-34
640
317
323
35-39
531
261
270
40-44
446
218
229
45-49
382
185
197
50-54
316
151
165
55-59
260
124
136
60-64
200
94
106
65-69
162
75
87
70-74
120
54
66
75-79
80
35
45
80-84
37
15
22
85-89
13
5
8
90-94
3
1
2
95-99
0
0
0
100+
0
0
0
Bolivia
Births by age group of female parent ( 1000s )
Medium discrepancy
1995-2005
Time period
AgeA 15-19
AgeA 20-24
AgeA 25-29
AgeA 30-34
AgeA 35-39
AgeA 40-44
AgeA 45-49
1995-2000
175
369
317
220
138
56
12
2000-2005
188
377
323
231
138
55
11
Bolivia
Deaths per twelvemonth by sex ( 1000s )
Medium discrepancy
1950-2005
Time period
Both sexes combined
Male
Female
1950-1955
70
37
33
1955-1960
73
39
34
1960-1965
77
41
36
1965-1970
81
43
38
1970-1975
85
46
40
1975-1980
81
43
38
1980-1985
75
40
35
1985-1990
72
38
34
1990-1995
71
37
33
1995-2000
71
38
33
2000-2005
72
38
33
I was n’t able to happen a tabular array for Death by age or a tabular array for Percent of population life in metropoliss.
Chapter 1-2
Describe the history of population growing over clip get downing with the twelvemonth 1950 up to 2005, taking to the current demographic state of affairs.
Bolivia has tripled its population since 1950 up until now.
What is the current population size, and how has the population grown over clip?
In 2005, the population was 8,989,045. Since 1950 it has grown at an one-year rate of 2.0 % .
What is the current rate of growing?
2.0 % yearly.
What is the implied doubling clip?
The current population is 8,989,045. In 2050 it will duplicate its population ‘s size.
What are the rough birth and decease rates, the rate of natural addition?
Birth- 23.3 births/1,000 population. Death- 7.53 deaths/1,000 population. Rate of natural addition is 15.77 addition in population/1,000 population.
Chapter 3
Make some research on the prevalent political doctrine of your chosen state. Would this doctrine come closest to Malthus, Marx, or person ( or something ) else?
It comes closest to Marx because his socialist positions of capitalist economy are really similar to those of Bolivia.
Where is this state in footings of the several parts of the demographic passage?
The infant mortality rate has dropped 66.7 % since 1950, and its life anticipation has increased from under 40 old ages of age in 1950 to an mean life anticipation of 61 old ages of age in 1998.
Has the timing of demographic events been consistent with the passage position?
Yes because the population has spread out to less populated parts because of its big addition in Numberss.
Chapter 4
Harmonizing to the Bolivian nose count, Bolivia has a really immature population with more than 40 per centum of its dwellers under 15 old ages of age. At the same clip, the population is turning older, mostly as a consequence of falling birthrate. Consequently, between now and 2020 both the on the job age population and adult females in childbearing age will turn faster and will go larger proportions of the entire population ( www.census.gov ) . I looked up the critical enrollment informations for Bolivia, and when I did I found that the latest study on mortality in Bolivia was issued in 1990. The three taking causes of decease were infective and parasitic diseases ( 23.9 % ) , diseases of the circulatory system ( 19.5 % ) , and diseases of the respiratory piece of land ( 14 % ) , followed by accidents and force ( 9.8 % ) , upsets of the digestive system ( 8.6 % ) , fondnesss arising in the perinatal period ( 7.4 % ) , and tumours ( 4 % ) ( www.paho.org ) .
Chapter 5
Bolivia
Deaths per twelvemonth by sex ( 1000s )
Medium discrepancy
1950-2050
Time period
Both sexes combined
Male
Female
1950-1955
70
37
33
2045-2050
108
58
50
Bolivia
Life anticipation at birth by sex ( old ages )
Medium discrepancy
1950-2050
Time period
Both sexes combined
Male
Female
1950-1955
40.4
38.5
42.5
2045-2050
76.4
74.0
79.1
Bolivians populating in rural countries lack proper sanitation and medical services, rendering many helpless against still powerful diseases such as malaria ( in tropical countries ) and Chaga ‘s Disease. Statisticss indicate that merely 20 per centum of the rural population in Bolivia has entree to safe H2O and sanitation. Major infective diseases with high grade of hazard are:
nutrient or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhoea, hepatitis A, and enteric fever febrility
vectorborne diseases: dandy fever febrility, malaria, and yellow febrility
H2O contact disease: swamp fever
Based on national and international scientific grounds, Bolivia decided to develop and implement an integrated action program for the bar and control of noncontagious diseases, which would function the wellness of the full Bolivian population. It was called the National Plan for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases and their Hazard Factors.
In 2000, noncontagious diseases still accounted for 67.4 % of the entire figure of 73,085 deceases in Bolivia. The taking cause of decease among the noncontagious diseases was cardiovascular disease, with an Age Standardized Mortality Rate of 260 per 100,000 ( 31.6 % ) . Neoplasms followed, with small difference and an ASMR of 256 per 100,000 ( 31.1 % ) . Chronic respiratory diseases were responsible for an ASMR of 58 per 100,000 instances ( 7.1 % ) ; and diabetes, for an ASMR of 35 per 100,000 ( 4.3 % ) .
Some stray surveies and research conducted in Bolivia with the support of PAHO and other bureaus, including international cooperation, came to the decision that the prevalence of some hazard factors and diabetes mellitus is much higher compared to other states of the Region. This was one of the motives behind the attempt to beef up the surveillance system and stress research conducted on NCDs and their determiners.
At the same clip, the Plan tries to set up mechanisms and means to transport out direct actions against the attitudes and behaviours of the population in order to avoid or extinguish the
known hazard factors. Particular attending is placed on developing intersectoral ties, in order to make practical steps, ordinances and even statute laws.
An of import constituent of the Plan is beef uping wellness policies with regard to the comprehensive direction of the diseases diagnosed, stressing early sensing and timely intervention. In this respect, the Plan states a set of criterions, based on primary wellness attention, that permits medical professionals, nurses and another wellness workers at the local degree to use the methods and the most up-to-date processs for the effectual direction of these jobs. In add-on, it besides elaborates on the mechanisms needed to accomplish an equal interrelatedness among the secondary and third health care degrees.
In decision, this Plan intends to lend to bettering the wellness of the Bolivian population and to confronting the impact of noncontagious diseases over the following five old ages. The mark audience of these actions is chiefly the assorted institutional histrions and the community as a whole. ( www.paho.org )
Chapter 6
Bolivia
Age-specific birthrate rates
Medium discrepancy
1995-2005
Time period
AgeA 15-19
AgeA 20-24
AgeA 25-29
AgeA 30-34
AgeA 35-39
AgeA 40-44
AgeA 45-49
1995-2000
86.90
206.90
204.90
169.50
123.70
58.20
14.70
2000-2005
84.40
194.10
187.60
154.00
109.30
50.40
11.90
Over clip, for each age group, the birthrate rate beads from 1995 to 2005. All the classs seemed to hold decreased in instead equal per centums, with the 25-29 age scope demoing somewhat more than mean bead in birthrate rates. I think with contraceptive method use going more prevailing in Bolivia, or at the really least the cognition about birth control going more known ; Bolivians realized the importance of control over their reproduction. Bing a 3rd universe state, they ca n’t afford to hold more kids because they can non pay for them. This is why I think they have brought the degrees of birthrate down slightly, and I do believe it will go on to drop, possibly at an even higher rate than between 1995 and 2005.
Chapter 7
Forms of Internal Migration: Bolivia ( 1000s )
Entire sum of Bolivian internal in-migration: 1950-1955
18
Entire sum of Bolivian internal in-migration: 1985-1990
454
Forms of External Migration: Bolivia ( 1000s )
Entire sum of Bolivian external in-migration: 1950-1955
30
Entire sum of Bolivians external in-migration: 1985-1990
675
Since the 1950s, migration to states environing Bolivia has increased ; largely from people in hunt of employment and better economic chances. Since the emigres tend to hold basic preparation or proficient accomplishments, a drain of of import human resources is happening. A figure of Bolivian braceros ( contract agricultural labourers ) go to northwesterly Argentina to work in rice and sugar crops. In the 1970s, Brazilian colonists, drawn by improved railway and main road links, migrated to northeasterly Bolivia in turning Numberss ; these immigrants had a significant influence on the part, since they continued to talk Lusitanian and to utilize Brazilian currency as their medium of exchange. Within the state, migration is swelling the sparsely populated Lowlandss, peculiarly in Santa Cruz and its environments. High unemployment among agricultural labourers and mineworkers has caused important migration to the metropoliss.
Chapter 8
Figure 2: Population construction, by age and sex, Bolivia, 2000
Population construction, by age and sex, Bolivia, 1970
For 1970, the average age for both males and females falls within the 25-29 old ages of age bracket. Unfortunately, I was n’t able to happen out any information on the dependence ratio. It is more than probably that maintaining records of this was n’t about for Bolivia back so. But for 2000, the average age for both males and females falls between the 15-19 old ages of age bracket. The figure of older people in Bolivia continues to shrivel as this becomes a younger and younger country.40 % of Bolivia ‘s population is under 15 old ages of age. This is partially due to the lower life anticipation of the state.
Chapter 9
Out of the 8,280,000 people populating in Bolivia in 2000, it is estimated that 65 per centum of the population resided in urban locations which totaled to be approximately 5,382,000, while the rural population totaled about 2,898,000. In some urban countries the growing rate has been near to 5 per centum. The growing rate of the rural population between 1950 and 2000 has remained at approximately 1 per centum, and in some countries there has been a steady population loss. In 1950, the entire population of Bolivia was 2.7 million. The entire population that lived in rural countries at that clip is estimated to be around 15-18 per centum, which would number anyplace between 405,000 and 486,000 people.
Chapter 10
Throughout clip, the household has ever been the axis of the societal life and construction. Families are really tight knit and in rural countries, many coevalss still frequently live together in one house. The drawn-out household or “ familia ” serves as a strong support and web system. Functions within the household are really traditional – “ Machismo ” is really much alive. The married woman is by and large responsible for domestic responsibilities whereas the hubby with be the bread victor. The machismo outlook frequently translates into a feeling of male high quality and a strong sense of award which means keeping face/dignity at all cost.A
Chapter 11 + 12
In gauging the degree of economic development and assessing alterations over clip, it is clear that even though right now the population of Bolivia is immature, the population is continually acquiring older, and this will do more people to be over on the job age within the following decennary and will go the larger portion of the population. Consequently there will besides be more adult females of kid bearing age. Equally far as the authorities ‘s place with regard to economic development and population growing, they have been able to do the populace somewhat more cognizant of contractive methods. Contraceptive usage increased from 30 per centum of adult females in brotherhood in 1989 to 45 per centum in 1994, but 60 per centum of all users still rely on inefficient traditional methods. A land-use study conducted in 2001 showed a 6 per centum loss of primary wood over the old two decennaries. Even with this infringing desertification, nevertheless, woods still cover more than 50 per centum of Bolivian district. Bolivia ‘s history of cut and burn agribusiness, overgrazing, and industrial pollution has caused important concern among conservationists. Soil eroding, made worse by seasonal implosion therapy, and contaminated H2O supplies are Bolivia ‘s most urgent environmental jobs.
