The development of the palm oil industry in Malaysia is attributed to Frenchman, Henri Fauconnier and his association with Hallet. In 1911, Fauconnier visited Hallet ‘s oil thenar development in Sumatra and had purchased some oil thenar seeds and these were planted at his Rantau Panjang Estate in Selangor. He returned to Sumatra the undermentioned twelvemonth to obtain seeds that he had selected together Hallet from Tanjong Morawa Kiri Estate for farther planting. With seedlings obtained from the 1911 and 1912 importing, Fauconnier established the first commercial oil thenar planting at Tennamaram Estate, to replace an unsuccessful planting of java shrubs ( Tate, 2000 ) .
Over a few decennaries of development, the Malayan thenar oil industry has succeeded to be a powerful force in the planetary oils and fats economic system ( Khoo, K M 2006 ) . Investings in oil thenar planting have been turning, because of its economic advantage, taking to enlargement in end product that surpassed the mean planetary oils and fats growing. With practical and alluring pick to importers in footings of monetary value fight and its superior properties for assorted comestible and non-edible applications, its secured supply handiness, Malaysia, now tops the list of the palm oil exporters. The demand for palm oil is expected to be farther accelerated with the booming bio fuels industry both locally and at the planetary degrees as it is anticipated to go the figure one feedstock for biodiesel production due to its monetary value advantage.
The industry besides plays a important function in the Malayan economic system as palm oil histories for two tierces of the state ‘s agricultural export value and about one tierce of its trade good export value ( Bank Negara Malaysia,2009 ) . The development of the Malaysian bio fuel industry boosted the importance of this trade good being an economically ideal feedstock for biodiesel production from palm oil.
Palm oil merchandises
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1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Since 2000, the natural gum elastic monetary value in Malaysia has been fluctuating due to the replacing of natural gum elastic to man-made gum elastic worldwide. The effects were felt by Malaysia ‘s agricultural industry. To control this job Malaysia began replacing its gum elastic estates with thenar estates throughout the state to further develop the thenar oil and biodiesel industry ( CORLEY, H. 2001 ) .
In Malaysia, oil and gas has ever been the primary energy beginnings. However, the fuel storage is diminishing at an dismaying rate that the oil militias is estimated to last merely for another 19 old ages, Malaysia is forced to seek for other alternate energies ( Salsuwanda, 2010 ) . The location of Malaysia at Equator provides us with a clime that is suited for seting thenar trees all twelvemonth unit of ammunition. This enables us to bring forth biodiesel fuel from palm oil in a mass production. This will din our Malayan thenar oil industry.
When it comes to pollution, hydrocarbon fuel plays an of import function. When hydrocarbon fuel is burned, it will bring forth chemicals such as sulfur and azotic oxides that are harmful to human organic structures ( Craddock, 2008 ) that will finally take to wellness jobs like pneumonia and respiratory infections ( www.dnr.wi.gov, 2010 ) . Compared to hydrocarbon fuel, renewable environmentally friendly energy beginning such as biodiesel fuel produces no pollution because it is 100 per centum organic.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The aim of this survey is to detect the potency of Malayan thenar oil industry and the potency of biodiesel fuel from palm oil. Palm oil is non something new but the bio fuel engineering such as biodiesel from palm oil has non been to the full embraced by our state where we merely see really small attempts of developing this renewable and environmental friendly energy beginning. Acerate leaf to state, while other states such as the United States reap the benefits of palm oil and biodiesel fuel, there may be immense sums of untapped potency if our state does non take full advantage of this engineering ( David Craddock, 2008 ) .
1.4 RESEARCH Question
The research inquiries are as follows ;
To what extent can Malaysia palm oil industry contribute to our economic system?
The importance of biodiesel fuel as a renewable and environmentally friendly energy beginning?
Ultimately, can Malaysia be the largest biodiesel fuel manufacturer from palm oil?
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This research paper is chiefly to make consciousness among us sing the potency of the Malayan thenar oil industry towards our economic system and the potency of Biodiesel fuel from palm oil as an alternate renewable energy. Surely, it is impossible that the whole universe can be utilizing biodiesel fuel as an energy beginning, but it is undeniable that biodiesel fuel is traveling to be a sustainable energy beginning in the hereafter. By spread outing our palm oil industry, we can bring forth more merchandises from palm oil and bring forth the most of import merchandise that is biodiesel. By making this the Malayan thenar oil industry is traveling to be a major subscriber in our economic system. In fact, Malaysia is fixing to alter from Diesel to bio-fuels by 2013 ( Travis Bradford, 2006 ) . This indicates that biodiesel is decidedly capable to function as a sustainable energy beginning in the hereafter ( G. Tyler & A ; Scott, 2008 ) . Through our research, we will discourse on the execution of the biodiesel fuel as a replacing for Diesel in other state. Malaya might be able to follow the tendency and develop biodiesel as an alternate energy beginning.
1.6 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
This research is an overview of the Malaysia Palm Oil Industry and Biodiesel but the restrictions of our research is in Serdang and Kajang countries merely. We have particularly chosen those topographic points where big sum of working grownups would be found which are promenades, light-railway theodolite Stationss and lodging countries for the distribution of the questionnaire. Furthermore, in promenades, there will be more assortments of working grownups in the sense of their occupation background that provides different point of position sing our subject. Light theodolite Stationss provide us with high opportunities of run intoing with working grownups that used train station as their agencies of transit. As such, this research is dependable due to the fact that working grownups will hold better thought and perceptual experience on Malaysia palm oil industry and the potency of biodiesel.
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
These are the comparing and contrast surveies done by other people and it besides shows how different.The impact of thenar oil based on biodiesel demand on palm oil monetary value is a new effort to include biodiesel demand in the monetary value equation by utilizing Time Varying Parameter. This method can be used discover the potency of Malayan thenar oil industry and the potency of biodiesel fuel from palm oil. ( Abdullah, Abas & A ; Ayatollah 2007 ) .
Based on our research inquiries, can Malaysia palm oil industry contribute to our economic system? There is an impact of liberalising trade on Malayan thenar oil. This is shown by many researches and besides studies. To near the Malayan thenar oil industry, there are besides surveies utilizing the application of a system kineticss but it has been limited with exclusion. The combination of econometric and system kineticss approach on Malayan thenar oil market is the surveies conducted to cognize whether Malayan thenar oil industry can lend to our economic system. ( Shri Dewi 2009 ) .
The following inquiry is to happen out the importance of biodiesel fuel as a renewable and environmentally friendly energy beginning. Biodiesel is the best campaigner for Diesel fuels in Diesel engines. The biggest advantage that biodiesel has over gasolene and crude oil Diesel is its environmental friendliness. Biodiesel burns similar to petroleum Diesel as it concerns regulated pollutants. On the other manus, biodiesel likely has better efficiency than gasolene. One such fuel for compression-ignition engines that exhibit great potency is biodiesel. Diesel fuel can besides be replaced by biodiesel made from vegetable oils. Biodiesel is now chiefly being produced from soya bean, rapeseed and thenar oils. The higher warming values ( HHVs ) of biodiesels are comparatively high. The HHVs of biodiesels ( 39-41A MJ/kg ) are somewhat lower than that of gasolene ( 46A MJ/kg ) , petrodiesel ( 43A MJ/kg ) or crude oil ( 42A MJ/kg ) , but higher than coal ( 32-37A MJ/kg ) . Biodiesel has over double the monetary value of petro Diesel. The major economic factor to see for input costs of biodiesel production is the feedstock, which is about 80 % of the entire operating cost. The high monetary value of biodiesel is in big portion due to the high monetary value of the feedstock. Economic benefits of a biodiesel industry would include value added to the feedstock, an increased figure of rural fabrication occupations, an increased income revenue enhancements and investings in works and equipment.. ( Abeysinghe, 2010 ) .
For our following research inquiry, can Malaysia be the largest biodiesel fuel manufacturer from palm oil? the 1960s, research and development ( R & A ; D ) in oil thenar genteelness began to spread out after Malaysia ‘s Department of Agriculture established an exchange plan with West African economic systems and four private plantations formed the Oil Palm Genetics Laboratory. The authorities besides established Kolej Serdang, which became the Universiti Pertanian Malaysia ( UPM ) in the 1970s to develop agricultural and agro-industrial applied scientists and agro-business alumnuss to carry on research in the field.
In 1979, following strong lobbying from oil thenar plantation owners and support from the Malayan Agricultural Research and Development Institute ( MARDI ) and UPM, the authorities set up the Palm Oil Research Institute of Malaysia ( Porim ) . [ B.C. Sekhar was instrumental in assisting Porim recruit and train scientists to set about R & A ; D in oil thenar tree genteelness, palm oil nutrition and possible margarine chemical usage. Sekhar, as laminitis and president, pushed Porim to be a public-and-private-coordinated establishment. As a consequence, Porim ( renamed Malayan Palm Oil Board in 2000 ) became Malaysia ‘s top research entity commercializing 20 % of its inventions, compared to 5 % among local universities. While MPOB has gained international prominence, its relevancy is dependent on churning out breakthrough findings in the dynamic oil harvest genetic sciences, dietetic fat nutrition and procedure technology landscapes ( Sekhar 2010 ) .
3.0 METHODOLOGY
Primary Research
Primary research ( besides called field research ) involves the aggregation of informations that does non already be, which is research to roll up original informations. Primary Research is frequently undertaken after the research worker has gained some penetration into the issue by roll uping secondary informations. This can be through legion signifiers, including questionnaires, direct observation and telephone interviews amongst others. This information may be collected in things like questionnaires and interviews. There are basic attacks to informations aggregations utilizing primary methods which are qualitative research and quantitative research. Qualitative research includes interviews, focal point groups, participant observations and descriptive anthropologies, and Quantitative research includes controlled research lab experiments, field work, questionnaires and studies.
There are advantages and disadvantages to primary research: Advantages:
Addresss specific research issues as the research worker controls the hunt design to suit their demands
Great control, non merely does primary research enable the seller to concentrate on specific topics, it besides enables the research worker to hold a higher control over how the information is collected. Taking this into history, the research worker can make up one’s mind on such demands as size of undertaking, clip frame and location of research.
Efficient disbursement for information, primary informations aggregation focal point on issues specific to the research worker, bettering the opportunities that the research financess are spent expeditiously.
Proprietary information, primary informations collected by the research worker is their ain.
Disadvantages:
Compared to secondary research, primary informations may be really expensive in fixing and transporting out the research.
Some research undertakings, while potentially offering information that could turn out rather valuable, may non be within the range of a research worker.
May be really expensive because many people need to be confronted.
By the clip the research is complete it may be out of day of the month.
Peoples may hold to be employed or avoid their primary responsibilities for the continuance of the research.
Peoples may non answer if electronic mails or letters are used.
Interview
An interview is “ a formal face-to-face meeting, particularly, one arranged for the appraisal of the makings of an applier, as for employment or admittance… . A conversation, as one conducted by a newsman, in which facts, or statements are elicited from another. ” ( The American Heritage Dictionary, Second College Edition ) The interview is the primary technique for information assemblage during the systems analysis stages of a development undertaking. An interview is a planned communicating or a conversation with a intent. Some possible intents are to garner informations, to give information, to place jobs of common concern, to measure alteration, to learn, to supply support and to supply guidance or therapy. The interview is a specific signifier of meeting or conference, and is normally limited to two individuals, the interviewer and the interviewee. In particular fortunes there may be more than one interviewer or more than one interviewee in attending. In these instances at that place should still be one primary interviewer and one primary interviewee.There are two attacks to question, directing and non-directive. Directing interviews are often used to garner and supply information. Non-directive interview is used for job resolution, guidance and public presentation assessment. By carry oning this interviews it will be possible for the research worker to acquire high sum of responses and will let the developer to construe the organic structure linguistic communication and facial look of the interviewee. To do certain the interview will travel good the developer will take the undermentioned stairss
Choose a scene with small distraction
Explain the intent of the interview
Indicate how long will the interview normally take
State them how to acquire in touch with the developer if they want to
Clarify any uncertainty that interviewee will hold
Why usage interview
There are Numberss of ground utilizing interview such as most information may merely be available from people, there would be need information about behavior of current biodiesel activity, and needed to verify understanding ( informal reappraisal of analysis ) . There are Numberss of advantage utilizing interview, such are, In-depth replies possible, Qualitative informations obtained from little sample, Observation improves truth, and Rapport leads to fewer refusals.
Questionnaires
The 2nd fact happening method that is traveling to be employed by the user developer is traveling to be carry oning questionnaire Sessionss or otherwise known as study. Questionnaires are an cheap manner to garner informations from a potentially big figure of respondents. Often they are the lone executable manner to make a figure of referees big plenty to let statistically analysis of the consequences. A well-designed questionnaire that is used efficaciously can garner information on both the overall public presentation of the trial system every bit good as information on specific constituents of the system. If the questionnaire includes demographic inquiries on the participants, they can be used to correlate public presentation and satisfaction with the trial system among different groups of users. It is of import to retrieve that a questionnaire should be viewed as a multi-stage procedure get downing with definition of the facets to be examined and stoping with reading of the consequences. Every measure needs to be designed carefully because the concluding consequences are merely every bit good as the weakest nexus in the questionnaire procedure. However, there are two types of inquiries in the questionnaires which are known as the unfastened ended and closed ended inquiries
The unfastened ended inquiry usually will give the freedom to the respondents to lift out feedback and sentiment freely. Open-ended inquiries will be used to allow the other respondents write out their sentiment freely alternatively of bound their replies. The responses given are usually unfastened and widely and sometimes out of context.
The closed inquiries are being used to restrict the responses from the respondents to avoid unrelated replies. By administering the inquiries to big group of respondents it is advisable to utilize closed inquiries as the opened ended inquiries will impact the consequence of analysis subsequently as unrelated reply might lift out. There are three types of closed inquiries. The multiple pick inquiries and evaluation inquiries will be widely used on the questionnaires session to carry on by the developer latter
The stairss required to plan and administrate a questionnaire include:
Specifying the Aims of the study
Determining the Sampling Group
Writing the Questionnaire
Administering the Questionnaire
Interpretation of the Consequences
Why the usage of questionnaire?
There are grounds whys research worker utilizing Questionnaires such as questionnaire are really cost effectual when compared to face-to-face interviews. This is particularly true for surveies affecting big sample sizes and big geographic countries. Written questionnaires go even more cost effectual as the figure of research inquiries increases. Besides Questionnaires are easy to analyse as informations entry and tabular matter for about all studies can be easy done with many computing machine package bundles. Furthermore questionnaires are familiar to most people because about everyone has had some experience finishing questionnaires and they by and large do non do people discerning. Furthermore, this research tool reduces bias. There is unvarying inquiry presentation and no middle-man prejudice. The research worker ‘s ain sentiments will non act upon the respondent to reply inquiries in a certain mode. There are no verbal or ocular hints to act upon the respondent. Questionnaires besides are less intrusive than telephone or face-to-face studies. When a respondent receives a questionnaire in the mail, he is free to finish the questionnaire on his ain time-table. Unlike other research methods, the respondent is non interrupted by the research instrument.
Questionnaire
Idaho
Question
Choice
Justification
1
Gender
Get Respondents Gender
2
Age
18- 27
28-39
40 and above
Get Idea of respondents Generations as older coevalss tend to be less tech understanding
3
Profession
-Student
-Government staff
-Private sector
-Others
Get brief thought on respondents profession
4
Make you utilize palm oil as cookery oil?
-Yes
-No
Get cognition on basic use of merchandise of palm oil
Data Analysis Methods used
Qualitative Analysis
“ Qualitative research expands the scope of cognition and apprehension of the universe beyond the research workers themselves. It frequently helps us see why something is the manner it is, instead than merely showing a phenomenon. For case, a quantitative survey may happen that pupils who are taught composing utilizing a procedure method receive higher classs on documents than pupils taught utilizing a merchandise method. However, a qualitative survey of composing teachers could uncover why many of them still use the merchandise method even though they are cognizant of the benefits of the procedure method ( Colorado State University.2008 ) .
Advantages
History for the complexness of group behaviours
Reveal interrelatednesss among many-sided dimensions of group interactions
Provide context for behaviours
Reveal qualities of group experience in a manner that other signifiers of research can non
Help find inquiries and types of follow-up research
Reveal descriptions of behaviours in context by stepping outside the group
Allow qualitative research workers to place repeating forms of behaviour that participants may be unable to acknowledge
Disadvantages
Researcher prejudice can bias the design of a survey.
Researcher prejudice can come in into informations aggregation.
Beginnings or topics may non all be every bit believable.
Some topics may be antecedently influenced and affect the result of the survey.
Background information may be losing. .
Analysis of observations can be biased.
Any group that is studied is altered to some grade by the really presence of the research worker. Therefore, any informations collected is slightly skewed. ( Heisenburg Uncertainty Principle )
It takes clip to construct trust with participants that facilitates full and honorable self-representation. Short term experimental surveies are at a peculiar disadvantage where trust buildching is concerned.
Quantitative Analysis
Quantitative research is the systematic scientific probe of quantitative belongingss and their relationships. The aim of quantitative research is to develop and use mathematical theoretical accounts, theories and/or hypotheses refering to natural phenomena. The procedure of measuring is cardinal to quantitative research because it provides the cardinal connexion between empirical observation and mathematical look of quantitative relationships.
Harmonizing to Alexei V. Matveev the advantages of quantitative methods are
Stating the research job in really specific and fit footings ( Frankfort-Nachmias & A ; Nachmias, 1992 ) ;
Clearly and exactly stipulating both the independent and the dependent variables under probe ;
Following steadfastly the original set of research ends, geting at more nonsubjective decisions, proving hypothesis, finding the issues of causality ;
Achieving high degrees of dependability of gathered informations due to controlled observations, research lab experiments, mass studies, or other signifier of research uses ( Balsley, 1970 ) ;
Extinguishing or minimising subjectiveness of judgement ( Kealey & A ; Protheroe, 1996 ) ;
Leting for longitudinal steps of subsequent public presentation of research topics.
The failings of the quantitative method include:
Failure to supply the research worker with information on the context of the state of affairs where the studied phenomenon occurs ;
Inability to command the environment where the respondents provide the replies to the inquiries in the study ;
Limited results to merely those outlined in the original research proposal due to closed type inquiries and the structured format ;
Not promoting the evolving and uninterrupted probe of a research phenomenon. “
The farther survey on oil thenar and biodiesel analyzed utilizing two methodological analysiss both qualitative and quantitative method. The interview is qualitative interview as it is different from mundane conversation in the undermentioned ways. Quantitative Statistical analysis will be carried out on the information gathered via Inquirers.
4.0 Discussion
4.1 DISCUSSION OF DATA FROM SURVEY
Data Survey
A questionnaire consisting of 18 points was administered to 50 respondents who live in Serdang and Kajang.
Detailss of Respondents
a ) Gender
Out of 50 respondents, there are 33 male and 17 female. In per centum 66 % are male and 34 % are female.
Figure 1: Detailss of Respondents ( Gender )
B ) Age
70 % of the respondents are aged between 18-27 old ages old. There are 30 % of them aged between 28-39 old ages old and that whose age is above 40 old ages old are none.
Figure 2: Detailss of Respondents ( Age )
degree Celsius ) Profession
68 % of the respondents are pupil. There are 22 % of the respondents are from private sector and 10 % respondents are authorities staff. Others are none.
Figure 3: Detailss of respondents ( Profession )
vitamin D ) Do you utilize palm oil as cookery oil?
96 % of the respondents are non utilizing palm oil as cookery oil. Merely 4 % of the respondents utilizing palm oil as cookery oil.
Figure 4
vitamin E ) Have you heard of palm oil being used as a biodiesel fuel?
74 % of the respondents have an thought about the thenar oil being used as a biodiesel fuel. 26 % of the respondents do n’t hold any thought about the thenar oil use in biodiesel fuel field.
Figure 5
degree Fahrenheit ) Do you believe that one twenty-four hours biodiesel fuel from palm oil will replace Diesel fuel?
66 % of the respondents think that one twenty-four hours biodiesel fuel from palm oil will replace diesel fuel. 34 % of the respondents think frailty versa.
Figure 6
g ) Are you cognizant that Malaya is one of the largest thenar oil manufacturers in the universe?
70 % of the respondents aware that Malaysia is one of the largest thenar oil manufacturers in the universe. Meanwhile 30 % did n’t cognizant about Malaya ‘s production of palm oil.
Figure 7
H ) Malaysia is spread outing its palm oil industry
8 respondents strongly agreed that Malaysia is spread outing its palm oil industry. Majority of 37 respondents agreed while the minority of 5 respondents non certain about the Malaysia ‘s spread outing in palm oil industry.
Figure 8
I ) The authorities is playing a major function in spread outing Malayan thenar oil.
10 respondents are strongly agreed that authorities playing major function in spread outing Malayan thenar oil. Majority of 34 respondents merely agreed the fact and minority of 6 respondents are non certain about it.
Figure 9
J ) Biodiesel fuel is an environment friendly beginning.
12 respondents are strongly agreed that biodiesel fuel is an environment friendly beginning. Majority of 29 respondent are merely agreed the fact while the minority of 9 respondent are non certain about it.
Figure 10
K ) Biodiesel fuel is a sustainable energy beginning
15 of the respondents are strongly agreed that biodiesel is a sustainable energy beginning. Majority of 24 respondents are agreed the fact while the minority of 11 respondents are non certain about it.
Figure 11
cubic decimeter ) Malaysia should develop more merchandises from palm oil industry.
15 respondents are strongly agreed that Malaysia should develop more merchandises from palm oil industry. Majority of 23 respondents are agreed to the fact while the minority of 12 respondents non certain about it.
Figure 12
m ) The palm oil industry contributes to Malaysia ‘s economic system growing.
13 respondents are strongly agreed that the palm oil industry contributes to Malaysia ‘s economic system growing. Majority of 26 respondents are agreed to the fact while minority of 11 respondents is non certain about it.
Figure 13
N ) Why do you believe Malaysia is spread outing its palm oil industry?
Majority of the respondents thinks that Malaysia is spread outing its palm oil industry because of the international demand. While the minority think that cause of the major subscriber in the economic system. Others province that because of the growing of industry.
Figure 14
O ) What type of palm oil nutrient merchandises do you usually purchase?
19 of the respondents are purchasing cookies made of palm oil. Majority of 26 respondent ‘s province as others while minority of 5 respondents purchasing confect. The bulk saying others merely province none. It shows bulk of the respondents does n’t utilize none of the nutrient merchandises from palm oil.
Figure 15
P ) What type of palm oil non-food merchandises do you usually purchase?
2 merchandises bought by the 16 respondents are fuel and decorative. Majority of 27 respondent ‘s province as others while minority of 7 respondent ‘s province as soap. The bulk provinces as others chose none of non-food merchandise from palm oil.
Figure 16
Q ) Do you believe Malaysia can go the largest biodiesel fuel manufacturer from palm oil?
Majority of the respondent ( 68 % ) say yes to Malaysia ‘s capableness to go the largest biodiesel fuel manufacturer from palm oil. Minority portions the place with 16 % shock absorber which both has different sentiment. One-half of the minority says no to Malaysia ‘s capableness while the remainder says possibly.
Figure 17
R ) Do you believe that palm oil will go Malaysia ‘s largest export in the hereafter? Why?
26 % of the respondents say possibly to handle oil industry to be Malaysia ‘s largest export in future. The bulk of the respondents ( 66 % ) say yes to handle oil industry to go Malaysia ‘s largest export in future while the minority of the respondents ( 8 % ) says frailty versa.
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
Following is a sum-up of the major findings of this survey.
It was observed that 66 % of the respondents are male and 34 % of the respondents are female did this questionnaires.
Majority of respondents are aged between 18-27 old ages old ( 70 % ) .
Most of the respondents are pupils ( 68 % )
Most of the respondents are cognizant of the production of palm oil. ( 70 % )
Most of the respondents feel that biodiesel fuel from palm oil will replace Diesel fuel one twenty-four hours. ( 66 % )
Many respondents feel that Malaysia will go the biodiesel fuel manufacturer.
Majority of the respondents feels that Palm oil will go Malaysia ‘s largest export.
4.2 DISCUSSION OF DATA FROM INTERVIEW
Interviewer Profile
We had conducted an interview with Mr. Mohd Hazuan B. Mohd Sayuthi who is the caput of the Biology Research Division under the Research and Development section of Malayan Palm Oil Board ( MPOB ) . He graduated with a grade of Chemical Engineering ( Hons ) in University Malaysia Pahang ( UMP ) . He since has been lending his attempt and strength to the Malayan Palm Oil Board for approximately 3 old ages. Therefore with his 3 old ages working experiences, now he is an expert in the biodiesel industry. The interview was done at MPOB Bangi. The interview was successfully conducted without any troubles.
INTERVIEW QUESTION
1 ) What is Biodiesel?
The thought of utilizing vegetable oil such as palm oil as an surrogate fuel beginning is every bit old as the Diesel engine itself. Biodiesel is a safe, renewable fuel whose impact on the environment is positive. Unlike the production installations associated with petroleum-based Diesel, the impact of biodiesel installations on local community and environment they depend on is minimum. Construction and operation of a biodiesel works has besides been shown to confabulate important micro-and macro-economic benefits to both commercial and rural sectors.
2 ) How is Biodiesel Made?
This comes from palm oil through a procedure called transesterifcation, which is how biodiesel fuel is made. Biodiesels were foremost discovered in the early 1900 ‘s. Turning vegetable oil into biodiesel takes approximately 6 to 8 hours and undergoes a 12-step procedure. The first is to acquire the organic oil from the workss. Once a batch has been collected, this is so heated to a temperature of 120 grades Fahrenheit. The fuel should be pure and the lone manner to look into on this is by supervising the titration degrees. If everything cheques out, this is so assorted with lye and methyl alcohol in a processor. Some clip must be given in order for the oil to divide. This is so cleaned with H2O and when it is finished, this can now be used as fuel for the auto.
3 ) What are the Advantages of Using Biodiesel Fuel?
Biodiesel is non harmful to the environment. Unlike its opposite number, a auto utilizing biodiesel produces fewer emanations. If a vehicle uses traditional Diesel, the vehicle emits black, malodorous fume. With biodiesel, the fume becomes really clean so and biodiesel is inexpensive. Biodiesel is energy efficient. If the production of biodiesel is compared with the production of the regular type, bring forthing the latter consumes more energy. Biodiesel does non necessitate to be drilled, transported, or refined like crude oil Diesel. Producing biodiesel is easier and is less clip devouring
4 ) Why is Biodiesel a Greener Fuel?
No. The system works utilizing the bing H2O force per unit area and no electricity is required to filtrate the H2O.
Biodiesel is a biofuel which is produced from organic oils or fats, and can be used in diesel engines. The proficient name for standard biodiesel is alkyl methyl ester. By and large, this is made from responding palm oil and methyl alcohol utilizing a accelerator, ensuing in a molecule that contains H, C and O. The presence of O in the molecule helps to do it a cleaner combustion fuel. Although some diesel engines can run on consecutive vegetable oil ( SVO ) , this is non echt biodiesel and does non portion all of its advantages.
As biodiesel comes from organic C beginnings, it is carbon impersonal. This means that firing it does non add C to the Earth ‘s biosphere ( the biosphere includes the ambiance and all living things ) . When workss photosynthesize, they use up C dioxide from the ambiance and turn it into organic molecules such as oils. When you burn these oils, you merely return the C to the ambiance. This is unlike the combustion of fossil fuels, where fossil C is released and increases the sum of C in the ambiance. However, be cognizant that some fossil C is burned in the production of biodiesel, so it is non a wholly carbon impersonal fuel.
5 ) What are The Environmental Benefits of Biodiesel?
The followers is a brief expression at some, but non all, of the environmental benefits of utilizing and fabricating biodiesel as an option to petroleum based fuels. In the fabrication of biodiesel, approximately 90 % of the natural stuffs make its manner into useable fuel. The staying 10 % is in the signifier of glycerol that can be used in, among other things, carnal provender. This leaves virtually no remnant waste from the fabrication procedure. Biodiesel reduces emanations of C monoxide by approximately 50 % versus crude oil emanations. Biodiesel reduces emanations of C dioxide by approximately 78 % based on the fact that the C in the emanations of Biodiesel was already present in the ambiance earlier. Far fewer pollutants are introduced to the unfastened air during the industry of biodiesel as compared to petroleum based fuel. Biodiesel is of course biodegradable every bit good as non-toxic. Biodiesel degree of toxicity has been compared to postpone salt while it is said to degrade merely every bit fast as sugar. Compared to conventional Diesel fuel, biodiesel can cut down the emanation of particulates by every bit much as 20 % .
4.3 DATA COLLECTED ON SITE VISITS
Datas FROM MALAYSIA PALM OIL BOARD ( MPOB )
World ‘s largest manufacturer of palm oil.
From this information we can see that Malaysia, now tops the list of the palm oil exporters. The demand for palm oil is expected to be farther accelerated with the booming bio fuels industry both locally and at the planetary degrees as it is anticipated to go the figure one feedstock for biodiesel production due to its monetary value advantage. The industry besides plays a important function in the Malayan economic system as palm oil histories for two tierces of the state ‘s agricultural export value and about one tierce of its trade good export value ( Bank Negara Malaysia,2009 ) .
World ‘s major importer of palm oil.
From this information we can that China, India, European Union, and United States of America are the major importers of palm oil. Basically, China and India imports palm oil to develop nutrient merchandises from it. While the European Union states and USA imports palm oil to develop biodiesel fuel. The United States of America is one of the largest importer of Malayan thenar oil and this contributes a batch to our economic system.
5.0 Decision
The palm oil industry is a Malayan success narrative. To guarantee that the industry continues to spread out, prolonging its competitory border remains the most of import challenge for the industry. To accomplish this, we need to better on our efficiency and productiveness to cut down cost, explore chances to diversify the income base and widen the demand base for Malayan thenar oil, create advanced selling attacks every bit good as encourage greater integrating among the sub-sectors of the industry.
One manner of making this is by researching the biodiesel industry. Based on our research, we found a batch of possible in Malayan thenar oil industry. Malayan palm oil industry besides contributes a batch to our economic system. Based on our findings we found that Biodiesel fuel from thenar oil has a batch of advantages and is a sustainable, renewable and environmentally friendly energy beginning. Malaysia needs to foster develop this bio fuel engineering to progress the Malayan thenar oil industry and the Malayan economic system. Finally we feel that Malaysia can be the largest biodiesel fuel from palm oil in the hereafter.
6.0 RECOMMENDATIONS
Here we recommend that the public be cognizant of the potency of Malayan thenar oil industry and the benefits it brings to our state. Besides that, we need to be cognizant of the biodiesel fuel industry and get down utilizing it in a measure by step footing. As we know, the Malayan authorities is fixing to alter from Diesel to bio-fuels by 2013 ( Travis Bradford, 2006 ) . We need to play our function in assisting the authorities to do this passage by deriving cognition and information about biodiesel fuel from palm oil.
We besides recommend that biodiesel fuel should for good replace Diesel fuel because it is environmentally friendly and renewable energy beginning unlike Diesel. Besides that, biodiesel is really safe to our environment because it is 100 per centum organic.
Research and technological developments should be done continuously to biodiesel engineering. The authorities should promote and back up the development of this engineering. It can supply better feedback and rank up the state ‘s economic system if this engineering is farther develop At the same clip this can assist the authorities to hike their economic system.
Last we would wish to promote future applied scientists to take up the challenge in the thenar oil and biodiesel industry. This industry has a really bright hereafter and many states in the Europe have begun puting one million millions of dollars in this industry. Future applied scientists are traveling to profit a batch from the thenar oil and biodiesel industry.
